What is the nature of Universe? To answer this question humans have come up with stories to describe the world.We test our stories and on the basis of results we decide what to keep and what to throw but as more, we learn more complicated our stories becomes. Like String theory a famous complicated and misunderstood theory about the nature of everything.
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To understand the reality we tend to look at things closely, like a zoo of bizarre creatures, the complex structure of the protein, and all these things are made from the structure of molecules which itself is made up of countless small things known as Atom.We thought that these are the final layer of reality until we smashed them together and discovered fundamental elements i.e known as ELEMENTARY PARTICLES.But it arouses another problem that these are so small that we can no longer look at them.
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So to overcome this challenge we came up with a new story or we can say a mathematical fiction.The story of point particle we started to believe that electron is a point in space with some mass and charge.This way physicist could define them and calculate all their interactions, this field of physics is called quantum field theory and all standard model of particle physics are built on it.So while particles are not point but assuming them as the point has given has a pretty good picture of the universe.But in quantum mechanics, every force is governed by some particle-like electromagnetic force by the photon .But according to Einstein’s General relativity Gravity is not like other forces.If we can say that Universe is a play then particles are actors and gravity is a stage.Gravity is a theory of geometry, the geometry of space and time itself which we need to define with accurate precision but Just thanks to Heisenberg principle of uncertainty it is not possible in today physics model.
So to overcome this challenge of defining gravity in our physics model, we invented a new story, STRING THEORY which defines that different particle are different mode of vibrations of a string Just as violin produces different notes while vibrating differently similarly with the different vibration of string we get different elementary particle which includes gravity also.But there is a another problem with this story because as we knew everything comes with a cost so does string theory, string theory does not work in 3 dimension space rather than it works in 10-dimensional space with one-time dimension.
So where are these extra dimensions, well string theory says that there is 2 type of dimensions 1. Big Dimension that we can see and 2.Small Dimensions that we are not able to see.These 10 dimensions are tiny ones, they are tiny and curled up dimension.And so the question comes why we need them, well the answer comes in more interesting way as we knew since childhood that gravity has value 9.8 similar electron has certain mass , but we never wondered where these number came from, so In general there are 20 constants or we can say number that governs our universe like value of gravity, strength of electromagnetic, mass of particles .The string theory Physicist believes that the extra dimensions hold the answer as string theory say that each particle is made from the vibration of energy type filament and the string itself vibrate because they exist in the different geometry of multiple universes.
You can image like there are small universe which are intertwingled and because of these small universes there is some sort of vibration, and each particle whether it is metal, Non-metal or even gravity is made up because of this string vibration.
Written By : Abhishek singh
Games Rator 